Internal Structure and Basic Operation of Microprocesor

Internal Structure and Basic Operation of Microprocesor

 

 

Arithmetic Logic Unit The ALU, or the arithmetic and logic unit, is the section of the processor that is involved with executing operations of an arithmetic or logical nature. It works in conjunction with the register array for many of these, in particular, the accumulator and flag registers. The accumulator holds the results of operations, while the flag register contains a number of individual bits that are used to store information about the last operation carried out by the ALU. More on these registers can be found in the register array section. 

 

Control Unit The control unit is arguably the most complicated part of this model CPU, and is responsible for controlling much of the operation of the rest of the processor. It does this by issuing control signals to the other areas of the processor, instructing them on what should be performed next

Accumulator or A register is an 8-bit register used for arithmetic, logic, I/O and load/store operations.

Program counter is a 16-bit register.

Stack pointer is a 16 bit register. This register is always incremented/decremented by 2.